Chapter 4 discusses learning differences and the learning needs of students. This includes learning styles, IQ and intelligence, students with learning challenges such as learning or intellectual disabilities, students with Autism Spectrum Disorder, RTI's, IEPs, the importance of creativity, and gifted students. One of the concepts that really stood out to me can be found on pages 149-149 and talks about learned helplessness. I never knew that this term existed and when I was reading, I could not believe how relatable this term was to me at one point. I do have a learning disability, and it was something that took me a long time to accept because I felt stigmatized by it. There have been times where I felt like I was experiencing learned helplessness. I knew many classmates who have felt the same way. What helped me to overcome this issue was the intervention of direct instruction. Looking back, I am so thankful that my teachers took time out of their busy day to assist me in understanding their content. This inspires me to be the type of teacher that will adapt their lessons to meet the learning needs of their students.
Chapter 5 discusses topics related to language development, language diversity, and teaching immigrant students who are ELLs. These topics include how and when language develops, diversity in language development, students with language disabilities, dialects and teachers, to name a few. The existence of the cultural deficient model (on pages 195-196) stood out to me. This is because it offends me that this concept was ever implemented in schools. However, I understand it was a product of the time. I am thankful it is not the case today. However, through my experience, I have seen some teachers with this mindset still to this day. This bothers me for two reasons. One is that shows the teacher is not adapting to the times. Secondly, it does not provide an accepting atmosphere for immigrant students. I believe in inclusivity, respect, and multiculturalism. I will bring those beliefs into my future classroom.
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